How can light travel billions of miles without losing energy and maintaining its speed?

Light is a fundamental aspect of our universe that enables us to see the world around us. It is a type of electromagnetic radiation that travels through a vacuum at a constant speed of 299,792,458 meters per second, commonly referred to as the speed of light. But how can light travel such vast distances without losing energy and maintaining its speed?

Firstly, light does not require a medium to travel through, unlike sound waves that require a medium such as air to travel. This means that light can travel through the vacuum of space without being absorbed or scattered. Secondly, light is made up of photons, which are subatomic particles that do not experience friction or resistance as they travel through space.

When light encounters matter, such as dust or gas, some of its energy can be absorbed or scattered, causing it to lose intensity. However, this effect is minimal over vast distances, allowing light to travel billions of miles across the universe without significant loss of energy or speed.