How did the Sumerians influence the development of Mesopotamian civilization?

The Sumerians were one of the earliest civilizations in the world, and their influence on the development of Mesopotamian civilization is undeniable. They were the first to develop a system of writing, which allowed for the creation of complex legal codes and the recording of historical events. The Sumerians also developed a sophisticated system of irrigation, which enabled them to cultivate crops on a large scale and support a growing population.

Their religious beliefs and practices also had a significant impact on Mesopotamian civilization. The Sumerians believed in a pantheon of gods and goddesses, and their temples were the center of religious and social life. The concept of a priesthood as a distinct class of society was also developed by the Sumerians.

Another important contribution of the Sumerians was their system of governance. They developed a system of city-states, each with its own ruler and government, which served as the foundation for later empires in the region. The Sumerians also developed the concept of a standing army, which allowed for the expansion of their territory and influence.

In conclusion, the Sumerians had a profound influence on the development of Mesopotamian civilization. Their innovations in writing, irrigation, religion, governance, and military strategy laid the groundwork for the development of one of the most important and influential civilizations in human history.