How do pelicans catch their food?

Pelicans are known for their unique hunting technique, which involves diving headfirst into the water from high altitudes to catch fish in their long beaks. They use a combination of sight and touch to detect their prey and can often be seen flying in a V-formation just above the water's surface before plunging into the water. This technique is called plunge-diving.

Once a pelican catches a fish, it stores it in its expandable throat pouch that can hold up to 2-3 gallons of water. The pouch has a flap that prevents the fish from escaping, and the bird then drains the water and swallows the fish whole.

Pelicans also engage in cooperative feeding behavior, where groups of birds work together to herd schools of fish towards shallow water. This technique is called cooperative fishing and is usually seen in brown pelicans.

Overall, pelicans are well-adapted to their aquatic lifestyle and have evolved several unique adaptations to aid in their hunting and survival.