How do some animals use infrared radiation to locate prey?

Many animals, especially predators, use infrared radiation (IR) to locate their prey. IR radiation is emitted by all objects that are warmer than absolute zero (-273°C). Some animals, such as snakes, have specialized organs called pit organs that detect IR radiation. These organs are located on the head, near the nostrils. The pit organs are very sensitive to temperature changes, allowing snakes to detect even small differences in heat.

Other animals, such as vampire bats and some species of birds, also use IR radiation to locate their prey. Vampire bats have heat-sensing nerves on their nose that allow them to detect the warmth of a nearby animal's blood. Some birds, such as the common poorwill, use IR to detect warm-bodied insects in the dark.

Using IR radiation to locate prey can give animals an advantage when hunting in low light or in complete darkness. By sensing the heat given off by their prey, animals can locate them even when they cannot be seen or heard.