How do the different types of mirrors work and what are their applications in optics?

Mirrors are an integral part of Optical Science, finding their applications in various fields, including Physics, Astronomy, Telecommunications, and more. Mirrors are defined as highly polished, smooth surfaces, capable of reflecting light accurately. There are primarily three types of mirrors: plane mirrors, concave mirrors, and convex mirrors.

Plane mirrors reflect light in a single, uninterrupted focus. They are used in everyday applications such as mirror walls, dressing mirrors, or reflecting telescopes. Concave mirrors, on the other hand, are used to focus light at a single point, also known as the focal point. These mirrors are used in telescopes, reflector headlights, and more. Convex mirrors are used for applications that require a wider angle of reflection, such as security mirrors, automotive mirrors, or magnifying glasses.

One of the most significant applications of mirrors is in Optical systems. These systems are of immense utility in a wide range of fields. Hubble Space Telescope, the most celebrated scientific instrument, is one such highly advanced optical system. Besides, cell imaging, medical diagnostics, and lasers are some other fields that extensively employ the use of mirrors.