How does a computer network work and what are the different types?

A computer network is a group of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other to share information and resources. In a network, each device has a unique identifier, such as an IP address, that enables it to send and receive data.

Computer networks can be classified based on their size and geographical distribution into four main types:

• Local Area Network (LAN): A LAN connects devices within a small geographic area, such as a home, school, or office building.
• Wide Area Network (WAN): A WAN spans over a large geographical area and connects devices over a long distance, often using leased telecommunication lines.
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): A MAN is a network that covers an entire city or metropolitan area. It is typically used by organizations that have multiple locations within a city.
• Personal Area Network (PAN): A PAN connects devices within a person's workspace, such as a laptop, smartphone, and printer.

Computer networks use different types of protocols to ensure that data is transmitted reliably and securely. Some common protocols used in computer networks include:

• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): TCP/IP is the foundation of the internet and is used for communication between devices on the internet.
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP): FTP is a protocol used for transferring files between devices on a network.
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): SMTP is a protocol used for sending and receiving email over a network.