What are the differences between plant and animal cells?

Plant and animal cells share many similarities in terms of their basic structure, as both are eukaryotic cells, containing a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. However, there are also several key differences between the two types of cells.

Cell Wall and Chloroplasts

One of the most significant differences between plant and animal cells is that plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which helps to provide structural support and protection. Animal cells, on the other hand, do not have a cell wall. In addition, plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are responsible for the process of photosynthesis, while animal cells do not.

Vacuoles and Centrioles

Another difference between plant and animal cells is that plant cells typically have one or more large vacuoles, which are used for storage and maintaining turgor pressure, while animal cells may have one or more smaller vacuoles. Additionally, animal cells contain centrioles, which are involved in cell division, while plant cells do not have centrioles.

Shape and Size

Plant cells are generally larger and more rectangular in shape compared to animal cells, which are typically smaller and more rounded in shape. However, there is considerable variation in cell size and shape within both plant and animal cells, depending on their specific functions and location in the organism.