What are the major historical periods and their defining events?

Human history has been divided into many periods based on various factors like political, social, cultural, economic, and technological developments. Here is a brief overview of some of the major historical periods and their defining events:

• Ancient History (Prehistory – 500 CE): This period is characterized by the emergence of human civilizations, writing systems, and the first empires like Egypt and Persia. Some of the defining events of this period include the construction of the pyramids of Egypt, the rise of the Roman Empire, and the birth of Christianity.
• Medieval History (500 – 1500 CE): This period witnessed the collapse of the Roman Empire and the emergence of new empires like Byzantine, Islamic, and Mongol. Some of the defining events of this period include the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Crusades, and the Black Death.
• Early Modern History (1500 – 1800 CE): This period saw major political, cultural, and economic transformations that led to the emergence of modern nation-states and the age of exploration. Some of the defining events of this period include the Protestant Reformation, the Age of Discovery, and the Scientific Revolution.
• Modern History (1800 CE – Present): This period witnessed the rise of industrialization, nationalism, imperialism, and globalization. Some of the defining events of this period include the Industrial Revolution, World War I and II, the Cold War, and the Digital Revolution.