What are the primary factors that contribute to the formation of mountains?

Mountains are formed through a variety of geological processes, with the primary factors being tectonic plate movement, volcanic activity, and erosion.

When tectonic plates collide or move apart, it can cause the land to fold or uplift, creating mountain ranges. This process is known as orogeny. Mountains can also form when magma from within the earth's mantle rises to the surface and cools, creating volcanic peaks.

Erosion, or the wearing away of rocks and soil by wind, water, and other natural forces, can also contribute to the formation of mountains. Over time, erosion can carve deep valleys and canyons, leaving behind rugged mountain ranges.