What are the primary methods of water purification?

Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water. The primary methods of water purification include: sedimentation and filtration, disinfection, distillation, and reverse osmosis.

Sedimentation and filtration: is the process of removing suspended particles and solid impurities from water by allowing them to settle and then removing them through filtration.

Disinfection: is the process of removing or deactivating pathogenic microorganisms from water using chemical, physical or biological means, including chlorination, UV treatment, and ozonation.

Distillation: is the process of heating water to produce steam, which is then collected and condensed to form purified water.

Reverse osmosis: is a process of purifying water by forcing it through a semi-permeable membrane under high pressure, which separates the impurities and contaminants from the water.