What is the history of the ancient city of Tyana, which was built around a volcano in central Turkey?

The ancient city of Tyana is located in the Cappadocia region of central Turkey, near the modern-day city of Niğde. The city was founded by the Hittites in the second millennium BC, and later became an important center of the Roman Empire.

One of the most notable features of Tyana is the volcanic mountain that looms over the city. Known as Mount Argaeus, it played an important role in the city's history and mythology. According to legend, the mountain was the home of the god Typhon, who was believed to be responsible for the volcanic activity in the area.

The city itself was known for its temples, including the Temple of Zeus and the Temple of Cybele. It was also the birthplace of the philosopher Apollonius of Tyana, who lived in the first century AD.

Tyana's fortunes declined in the late Roman period, and the city was abandoned by the eighth century. Today, visitors to the site can explore the ruins of the city walls, the Roman aqueduct, and the remains of the Temple of Zeus.

The ancient city of Tyana was built around a volcano in central Turkey. It is believed to have been founded in the 16th century BC by the Hittites, and it became an important trading center during the Roman Empire. The city was also a center of learning and philosophy, and it was home to the famous philosopher Apollonius of Tyana.

Tyana was destroyed by an earthquake in the 7th century AD, but it was rebuilt and continued to be an important city until the 14th century AD. Today, the ruins of Tyana are a popular tourist destination, and they offer a glimpse into the history and culture of this ancient city.

Here is a more detailed history of Tyana:

• Hittite period (16th-13th centuries BC): Tyana is first mentioned in Hittite records as Tuwanuwa. It was an important trading town and independent city during this period.
• Neo-Hittite period (11th-8th centuries BC): Tuwanuwa became the capital of the Neo-Hittite Kingdom based in southern Cappadocia.
• Persian period (6th-4th centuries BC): Tyana was conquered by the Persians in the 6th century BC. It remained under Persian rule until the conquest of Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC.
• Hellenistic period (3rd-1st centuries BC): Tyana became a major center of Greek culture and learning during this period. It was also a popular destination for pilgrims, who came to visit the tomb of Apollonius of Tyana.
• Roman period (1st-4th centuries AD): Tyana reached its peak during the Roman Empire. It was a major trading center and a center of Christianity.
• Byzantine period (4th-14th centuries AD): Tyana continued to be an important city during the Byzantine Empire. It was destroyed by an earthquake in the 7th century AD, but it was rebuilt and continued to be an important city until the 14th century AD.
• Ottoman period (14th-20th centuries AD): Tyana was conquered by the Ottomans in the 14th century AD. It remained under Ottoman rule until the 20th century AD.
• Modern period (20th century AD): Tyana is now a small town in Turkey. The ruins of the ancient city are a popular tourist destination.