What is the impact of school suspensions and expulsions on the US education system?

School suspensions and expulsions are disciplinary measures that have been used for decades to manage student behavior. However, there is growing concern about the negative impact of these practices on the education system in the United States.

Research shows that school suspensions and expulsions can have serious consequences, including decreased academic performance, increased dropout rates, and a higher likelihood of involvement in the criminal justice system. These practices also disproportionately affect students of color and those with disabilities.

One major impact of school suspensions and expulsions is the loss of instructional time. When students are removed from school, they miss valuable class time, which can lead to gaps in their learning and a decreased likelihood of academic success. Additionally, suspended and expelled students often struggle to reintegrate into their school communities, which can further impact their academic progress and social well-being.

The overreliance on punitive disciplinary practices like suspensions and expulsions has also contributed to the school-to-prison pipeline, a phenomenon in which students are funneled out of schools and into the criminal justice system. This can have devastating long-term consequences for students and their communities.

To address these issues, many educators and policymakers are calling for a shift away from punitive disciplinary practices and towards restorative justice, which emphasizes repairing harm and restoring relationships rather than punishment. Additionally, there are efforts to increase support for students who are at risk of being suspended or expelled, such as through counseling and mental health services.