Are there any galaxies without black holes?

It is believed that every massive galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, with a mass millions or billions of times greater than that of the sun. The reason for this is that black holes are thought to play a crucial role in the formation and evolution of galaxies. As matter falls into a black hole, it releases vast amounts of energy, which can affect the surrounding gas and dust in the galaxy, triggering star formation and influencing the shape and structure of the galaxy.

While it is possible that there may be some galaxies without black holes, it is currently not possible to observe them directly. However, there is ongoing research into whether such galaxies exist, and what their properties might be.