How do eagles establish territories?

Eagles establish territories mainly through physical displays, vocalizations, and aerial combat with other eagles. Eagles are very territorial birds of prey that typically live in pairs and defend a specific habitat or territory year-round. The territory provides the eagle with all of the necessary resources it needs to survive, including food, water, and shelter. To establish its territory, the eagle will typically engage in a series of displays, such as calling, talon locking, and flying low over the territory to demonstrate its ownership.

During breeding season, the displays become more intense as the eagle tries to attract a mate and defend its territory against other eagles. The male and female eagles will work together to defend their territory and maintain their pair bond. If another eagle intrudes on their territory, the resident eagles will engage in aerial combat to defend their territory. The winner of the combat usually stays in the territory while the loser retreats.