How does the internet work and how is data transmitted globally?

The internet is a global network of interconnected devices that communicate with each other through standardized communication protocols. Data is transmitted through a series of interconnected routers, switches, and servers that allow information to travel across the network, both domestically and internationally. When a user sends data, it is broken down into packets that are sent across the network to the destination. These packets travel through different paths to reach their destination, and they are reassembled into their original form once they arrive.

The internet uses a variety of communication protocols to enable data transmission, including TCP/IP, HTTP, SMTP, and FTP. TCP/IP is the foundation of the internet, and it enables devices to communicate with each other over a network. HTTP is used to transmit web pages, while SMTP is used for email and FTP is used for file transfers.

The internet's global reach is facilitated by a network of undersea fiber optic cables, which are responsible for transmitting the vast majority of data around the world. These cables connect countries and continents, enabling fast and reliable data transmission. Satellites also play a role in global communication, allowing information to be transmitted wirelessly over long distances.