How does a diesel engine work?

A diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine that uses compression ignition to ignite the fuel. Unlike gasoline engines that use spark plugs, diesel engines compress air to a high temperature and pressure to ignite the fuel. This high pressure and temperature cause the fuel to ignite spontaneously without a spark. The operation of a diesel engine can be broken down into four steps: intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust.

During the intake stroke, air is drawn into the engine through the intake valve. The air is then compressed during the compression stroke, which raises the temperature and pressure inside the combustion chamber. When the piston nears the top of the compression stroke, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through an injector nozzle. The heat and pressure from the compressed air causes the fuel to ignite, which creates a controlled explosion that pushes the piston down and turns the crankshaft. Finally, the exhaust gases are expelled during the exhaust stroke as the piston moves back up the cylinder.

Diesel engines are known for their efficiency and durability due to their high compression ratios and low fuel consumption. They are commonly used in trucks, buses, ships, and construction equipment where their high torque output and fuel efficiency are essential.