How does the sun affect the seasons?

The sun is the primary source of energy for the Earth's climate and weather. The seasons are the result of the Earth's movement around the sun in a tilted axis of 23.5 degrees. When the Earth orbits the Sun, the orientation of Earth's axis changes and different portions of the planet receive different amounts of sunlight.

In the northern hemisphere, the axis points towards the sun during the summer and away during the winter. During summer, the region receives more direct sunlight, which leads to higher temperatures and longer days. During winter, the angle is less direct, resulting in less heat and shorter days.

Similarly in the southern hemisphere, when the north pole is tilted away from the sun, the south pole is tilted towards the sun, resulting in summer for the southern hemisphere and winter for the northern hemisphere.