What are the primary factors that influence the distribution of ecosystems on Earth?

The distribution of ecosystems on Earth is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include climate, topography, geology, soils, and the presence or absence of other organisms. The relationship between these factors and the distribution of ecosystems is complex and can vary depending on the specific ecosystem in question.

Climate is one of the most important factors in determining the distribution of ecosystems. Temperature and precipitation patterns play a crucial role in determining the types of plants and animals that can survive in a particular region. For example, tropical rainforests are found in regions with high temperatures and high precipitation, while deserts are found in regions with low precipitation.

Topography and geology also influence the distribution of ecosystems. Mountain ranges, for example, can create distinct ecosystems by altering temperature and precipitation patterns, while volcanic activity can create new landforms that can support different types of ecosystems.

Soil type is another important factor in determining the distribution of ecosystems. Different types of plants and animals require different types of soils to survive. For example, acidic soils are common in coniferous forests, while alkaline soils are common in grasslands.

The presence or absence of other organisms can also influence the distribution of ecosystems. For example, the absence of predators can allow herbivores to overgraze an area, leading to a loss of plant species diversity and a shift in the ecosystem type.