What was the Babylonian religion and how did it shape their society?

The Babylonian religion was a polytheistic religion that was practiced in ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to the 3rd millennium BCE. The religion was characterized by the worship of a pantheon of deities, with Marduk being the chief god. Other major deities included Ishtar, Tammuz, and Ea. The Babylonians believed that the gods controlled every aspect of their lives, including the natural world, human affairs, and destiny.

Religion played a central role in Babylonian society. The priests, who were the intermediaries between the gods and the people, held significant power and influence. They were responsible for maintaining the temples, performing the rituals, and interpreting the signs of the gods. The Babylonians believed that if they pleased the gods, they would be rewarded with prosperity and success, but if they angered the gods, they would suffer divine punishment.

The Babylonian religion also had a significant impact on Babylonian culture and art. The Babylonians created elaborate sculptures and reliefs depicting the gods, which were used to decorate the temples and other public buildings. They also produced literature, including myths and epics, which celebrated the deeds of the gods and heroes.