What was the significance of the Roman language, and how did it influence Western languages?

The Roman language, also known as Latin, was one of the most significant languages in history. It was the official language of the Roman Empire and remained the language of scholarship, law, and the Catholic Church until the modern era. Latin was the language of the elite, and many intellectuals of the time believed it to be the language of reason and logic. It was a highly inflected language, meaning that word endings changed depending on their grammatical function in the sentence.

Latin has had a significant influence on Western languages, with many of its words and grammatical structures forming the basis of modern European languages, such as Spanish, French, Italian, and Portuguese. English, for example, has borrowed extensively from Latin, with many Latin words forming the basis of English vocabulary. Latin has also influenced English grammar, with the use of the subjunctive mood and the genitive case. Many academic fields, such as law, medicine, and science, still use Latin phrases and terminology.