Who were the major figures of the Turkish Republic and what were their contributions to Turkish history?

The Turkish Republic was founded in 1923 after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, and several prominent figures played a crucial role in its establishment and development. Here are some of the major figures of the Turkish Republic and their contributions to Turkish history:

• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: Atatürk was the founder and first President of the Turkish Republic. He led the country through a period of modernization and westernization, introducing significant political and social reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular and democratic state. Atatürk's reforms included the adoption of the Latin alphabet, the abolition of the Ottoman caliphate, and the introduction of women's suffrage.
• İsmet İnönü: İnönü was a close ally of Atatürk and served as the second President of the Turkish Republic. He played a key role in the country's transition from a one-party state to a multi-party democracy, and he led Turkey through the early years of World War II.
• Adnan Menderes: Menderes was the first democratically elected Prime Minister of Turkey and served three terms in office from 1950 to 1960. He introduced several economic and social reforms, including the construction of highways and the expansion of the education system. Menderes' government was overthrown in a military coup in 1960, and he was later executed.
• Turgut Özal: Özal was the eighth President of Turkey and served from 1989 until his death in 1993. He introduced several economic reforms, including the liberalization of the economy and the privatization of state-owned enterprises. Özal also played a key role in Turkey's foreign policy, helping to establish closer ties with the United States and Europe.