How do some animals see colors that humans can't?

Some animals are able to see colors that humans cannot because they have different types of photoreceptor cells in their eyes. Photoreceptor cells are specialized cells that detect light and send signals to the brain, which then interprets them as colors.

Humans have three types of photoreceptor cells, called cones, that are sensitive to different wavelengths of light and allow us to see a range of colors. However, some animals have four or even more types of cones, which allows them to see a wider range of colors, including ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths.

For example, many birds, reptiles, and insects can see ultraviolet light, which is invisible to humans. This allows them to see patterns and markings on flowers and other objects that are important for finding mates or food. Some snakes and insects can also see infrared light, which allows them to detect heat signatures and navigate their environment in the dark.

Overall, the ability of animals to see colors beyond the human visible spectrum is a fascinating example of the diversity of life and the different ways in which organisms have evolved to survive and thrive in their environments.