How do volcanoes erupt?

Volcanoes are formed when magma from the Earth's mantle rises up to the surface. When the pressure builds up, it can cause an eruption, which is when lava, ash, and gases are expelled from the volcano.

There are different types of volcanoes, and each type erupts differently. For example, shield volcanoes have slow-moving lava flows, while stratovolcanoes have explosive eruptions that produce ash clouds and pyroclastic flows.

Volcanic eruptions can have devastating effects on the environment and people living nearby. Lava flows can destroy buildings and roads, while ash and gas can be harmful to human health.

Scientists use a variety of techniques to study volcanoes, including measuring volcanic gases and seismic activity. By studying volcanoes, scientists hope to better understand how they work and improve their ability to predict eruptions.